PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice late to take a shock lead. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.